比较实际经济增长指标

from pathlib import Path
import base64, gzip, hashlib, json, platform
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from IPython.display import display, HTML
from IPython.display import display as _display
def display(value):
    if isinstance(value,pd.DataFrame):
        table=value.to_html(max_rows=12,escape=True)
        style="<style>.vibeit-readable-table{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.vibeit-readable-table table{width:max-content;max-width:none;border-collapse:collapse}.vibeit-readable-table td,.vibeit-readable-table th{white-space:nowrap!important;word-break:normal!important;overflow-wrap:normal!important}</style>"
        return _display(HTML(style+'<div class="vibeit-readable-table">'+table+'</div>'))
    return _display(value)
RECIPE_ID='ec01-real-growth'
OUTPUT_DIR=Path.cwd()/"results"/RECIPE_ID
plt.rcParams.update({"figure.dpi":120,"font.size":10,"axes.spines.top":False,"axes.spines.right":False,
                      "axes.prop_cycle":plt.cycler(color=["#18785f","#416aa6","#bc6541","#9974a5"])})
print("Python:",platform.python_version(),"; NumPy:",np.__version__,"; Pandas:",pd.__version__)
print("Working folder:",Path.cwd())
print("Core data mode: embedded snapshot; no network requests")

Python: 3.13.13 ; NumPy: 2.5.3 ; Pandas: 3.0.6
Working folder: /Users/zhiluo/Developer/vibeit-cookbook/cookbook/downloads
Core data mode: embedded snapshot; no network requests

def load_snapshot(recipe_id, expected_sha256, snapshot_key):
    """Read embedded data from this notebook, including a renamed copy."""
    for path in sorted(Path.cwd().glob("*.ipynb")):
        try:
            notebook = json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
            metadata = notebook.get("metadata", {}).get("vibeit_cookbook", {})
            blob = metadata.get("snapshots", {}).get(snapshot_key)
            if metadata.get("recipe_id") != recipe_id or not blob:
                continue
            if blob.get("sha256") != expected_sha256:
                continue
            raw = gzip.decompress(base64.b64decode(blob["gzip_base64"], validate=True))
            if hashlib.sha256(raw).hexdigest() != expected_sha256:
                raise ValueError("Embedded snapshot checksum mismatch: " + snapshot_key)
            return json.loads(raw)
        except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError):
            continue
    raise FileNotFoundError(
        "Save/open the complete .ipynb in the active working folder. "
        "The embedded snapshot could not be located for " + recipe_id)

SNAPSHOT_HASHES={'worldbank': 'd45779250297fb9371748b85b81321b2ae88f93ecf70cfb88256647a68e54376'}
def snapshot(key):
    return load_snapshot(RECIPE_ID,SNAPSHOT_HASHES[key],key)
print("Embedded snapshots:",list(SNAPSHOT_HASHES))

Embedded snapshots: ['worldbank']

def worldbank_panel(payload):
    """Preserve missing observations; official economy metadata excludes aggregates."""
    economies=pd.DataFrame(payload['economies']).set_index('iso3')
    observations=pd.DataFrame(payload['observations'])
    observations=observations[observations.iso3.isin(economies.index)].copy()
    if observations.duplicated(['iso3','year','indicator']).any():raise ValueError('Duplicate economy/year/indicator observations')
    observations['value']=pd.to_numeric(observations.value,errors='raise')
    wide=observations.pivot(index=['iso3','year'],columns='indicator',values='value').sort_index()
    return wide,economies,observations

print("Method ready: worldbank_panel")

Method ready: worldbank_panel

wb=snapshot("worldbank");panel,economies,observations=worldbank_panel(wb)
countries=["CHN","USA","DEU","BRA","IND","ZAF"]
assert set(countries)<=set(economies.index)
print("Economy/year records:",len(panel),"; official aggregates excluded; missing values preserved")
display(economies.loc[countries,["name","region","income_group"]])
indicator="NY.GDP.PCAP.KD";levels=panel[indicator].unstack("iso3").reindex(columns=countries)
print("Indicator:",wb["indicators"][indicator]["name"])
assert levels.dropna().gt(0).all().all()

Economy/year records: 3255 ; official aggregates excluded; missing values preserved

Indicator: GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$)

fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(9,5))
for code in countries:ax.plot(levels.index,levels[code],marker="o",ms=3,label=economies.loc[code,"name"])
ax.set(xlabel="Indicator year",ylabel="Real GDP per capita (constant 2015 USD)",title="Frozen source levels; missing observations remain missing");ax.legend(fontsize=8);plt.tight_layout();plt.show()

base=levels.loc[2010];assert base.notna().all() and base.gt(0).all();indexed=100*levels/base
fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(9,5))
for code in countries:ax.plot(indexed.index,indexed[code],label=economies.loc[code,"name"])
ax.set(xlabel="Indicator year",ylabel="Real GDP-per-capita index (2010=100)",title="Relative growth under a common baseline");ax.legend(fontsize=8);plt.tight_layout();plt.show()

cross=levels.loc[2023];display(cross.rename("constant_2015_USD").to_frame())
fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(8,4));ax.barh([economies.loc[c,"name"] for c in countries],cross)
ax.set(xlabel="Real GDP per capita (constant 2015 USD)",title="Common reference year: 2023");plt.tight_layout();plt.show()

	constant_2015_USD
iso3
CHN	12483.979110
USA	65667.281580
DEU	44368.992007
BRA	9288.027015
IND	2229.714912
ZAF	5756.550495

growth=100*levels.pct_change(fill_method=None)
assert np.allclose(indexed.loc[2010],100) and growth.loc[2010].isna().all()
OUTPUT_DIR.mkdir(parents=True,exist_ok=True);levels.to_csv(OUTPUT_DIR/"real-GDP-per-capita.csv")
indexed.to_csv(OUTPUT_DIR/"2010-base-index.csv");growth.to_csv(OUTPUT_DIR/"annual-percent-change.csv")
print("Baseline and missing-year checks passed; exports:",OUTPUT_DIR)

Baseline and missing-year checks passed; exports: /Users/zhiluo/Developer/vibeit-cookbook/cookbook/downloads/results/ec01-real-growth

RUN_ONLINE_UPDATE=False
if RUN_ONLINE_UPDATE:
    import requests
    try:
        response=requests.get('https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.KD?format=json',timeout=20)
        response.raise_for_status()
        print("Source:",response.url)
        print(response.text[:700])
    except requests.RequestException as error:
        print("Online extension unavailable:",type(error).__name__,str(error)[:160])
else:
    print("Online extension skipped; embedded core data unchanged")

Online extension skipped; embedded core data unchanged